Juan De Sepulveda Belittes the Indians

Juan Sepulveda was a man who emphatically felt he could characterize an individual or gathering as â€Å"civilized or â€Å"barbarians.† Sepulveda’s reason in his article/essential source investigation was fundamentally to illuminate the Spanish about the Native Americans â€Å"barbaric† society and how could either attempt to change over them to Christianity or decimate them. His crowd is for the most part the Spanish sovereignty, and furthermore the Christian people group. Sepulveda clarifies what the administration and movement of the Natives resemble, and debases what their identity is so his crowd could have an inclination whether they ought to be subjugated or converted.During Sepulveda’s article/essential source, he makes reference to how he saw the legislature with â€Å"†¦ [No] composed laws, yet savage establishments and customs †¦ what balance or leniency would you be able to anticipate from men who are focused on a wide range of exc essiveness and base pointlessness, and eat human tissue? (lines 17-20).† So far Sepulveda has had nothing positive to state about the Natives, and feels that they are a long way from humanized. By and by, this doesn’t appear to be too brutal in light of the fact that everybody has a custom to something Sepulveda writes in a manner that convinces that the locals are fundamentally cave dwellers who know no better, contrasted with the Spanish norms.Although he isn't lying since the locals eat human substance, which would be primitive, yet its solitary safe to state that the locals are a long way from current society and the jobs. Another bit of proof that Sepulveda shares is that the locals would â€Å"wage persistent and brutal war upon each other with such savagery that they didn't consider a triumph advantageous except if they satiated their tremendous craving with the tissue of their foes. (lines 22-24).† This time he demonstrates a point that they would be unco uth, expressing that the main explanation Natives battle different Natives would be for food. As evident as this might be, Sepulveda neglects to tell the entire story.Indians would not battle every day for the tissue of different people, or, more than likely they would be terminated. Furthermore, covered up to Sepulveda mind, he didn’t consider the assorted variety of the Natives and their various gatherings, so it turns out to be all the more evident that his Goal is to cause them to appear as though savages so the Spanish would feel more predisposition on subjugating them as opposed to them being changed over first. On one positive note, it is clear Sepulveda needed to say something positive regarding the Natives, saying â€Å"†¦ Although some of them show a certain ingenuityâ for different works of artisanship, this is no evidence of human intelligence. (lines 28-29).†If the sum total of what Sepulveda has been expressing was negative things, and have one posi tive note, at that point it must have truly gotten is consideration that the Natives feel weak at the knees over artisanship. This might be a key point in Sepulveda’s influence to changing over the Natives to servitude. To state they are cunning would show that they are useful to something. This sentence he composes can be effectively summed up that they have an ability, however the Spaniards will consistently be the better than the Natives, as said in line 33, â€Å" [New Spain] †¦ are viewed as the most cultivated of all.† To separate my investigation of Sepulveda’s article would be handily depicted in lines 57 and 58 that the â€Å"[Natives] have expressed unmistakably that they have been naturally introduced to bondage and not to community and liberal life.†All that Sepulveda needs is a gathering of slaves that would later be changed over to Christianity for the utilization and the benefit of the Spanish objectives. It was clear s day Sepulveda n eeded to make the Natives look awful (and adequate) to cause the Spanish ruler to feel they would come great use to bondage. Separated into a nutshell, on the off chance that the Indians look pointless enough, however they have â€Å"artisanship,† then what preferred spot to be over slaves. Also, the objectives of the Spaniards are to spread their Christianity, so why not make them Christians too.

Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quality - Essay Example This bill required the California Department of wellbeing administrations to receive specified guidelines that set up the base medical caretaker to understanding proportions in emergency clinics. This came as a reaction to the various concerns raised about patient wellbeing as the elements of social insurance turned out to be progressively intricate and subsequently coming about into a lack of attendants in the late 1990s (Donaldson and Shapiro, 2010). The base staffing necessities set up planned to improve the nature of social insurance and patient security just as intending to hold and procure more medical attendants by improving the states of their workplace. As required by the law, the California Department of Health Services requires medical clinics that give intense consideration to keep up the base attendant to understanding proportions. The specified proportions differ by unit going from 1:1 proportion in working rooms, and 1:2 escalated care units, neonatal concentrated unit s and basic consideration, just as in post-sedation recuperation and work conveyance. Further, the proportion is 1:4 in risk partum and baby blues, crisis room and pediatric consideration and the crisis rooms. Its 1:6 on mental units. All in all, normal emergency clinic units have a 1:5 proportion (Aiken et.al. 2010). In the resulting a very long time after the California law produced results, medical attendants turned out to be exceptionally hopeful about the specified proportions. As per the California Nurses Association, the proportion law has been a huge accomplishment as shown by an enormous increment in the quantity of enlisted attendants authorized in California. Additionally, there has been a decrease in the pace of medical caretaker turnover because of better employment fulfillment. What's more, it has been seen to improve quiet security and consequently assisted with sparing more lives and gave medical caretakers a stage to advocate for their patients (Cook et.al. 2012). I n any case, notwithstanding these positive perceptions, emergency clinics are as yet not persuaded particularly without substantial proof that the proportions set out really improve the consideration gave by the medical caretakers and decrease mistakes. An investigation led in 2002, two years under the steady gaze of the law was actualized given stunning discoveries. It indicated that when a medical attendant is appointed four patients under his/her consideration, the danger of patient passing ascents by 7% for each extra patient doled out. The enactment which was marked into law in 1999 produced results on first January 2004 allowing medical clinics five years to execute the necessary changes. In spite of the inspirational desires after execution, different issues that make the usage procedure hard to actualize have been watched. A key confinement being that it requires persistent consistence with the proportion which implies that the quantity of patients under the consideration of each medical attendant ought not surpass the specified number at any one point in time during their works day in a specific unit. So on the off chance that a medical caretaker needs to utilize a bathroom, at that point the law accommodates him to reassign his/her patients to another attendant. Notwithstanding these minor mishaps in the execution procedure, the necessities set out by the enactment have been seen to positively affect the workplace of the medical attendants. This constructive outcome can be shown by the expansion in the

How to Setup a Call Center that Drives Customer Success

How to Setup a Call Center that Drives Customer Success In business, having high-quality products and services is not the only thing that you need in order to attract customers and build a loyal customer base. There are other factors that come into play, and one of the weightiest ones is customer service.Unfortunately, not all businesses recognize the importance of customer service. Large corporations and major players in business do, however, which is likely one of the reasons why they are the giants that they currently are in the industry. Smaller businesses and startups are not as perceptive, though, leaving a random employee to “man the phones” or “entertain customer complaints”. This is worlds apart from how bigger companies do it: by establishing a customer service call center.Smaller businesses are likely to argue, however, that setting up a call center for customer service may be a bit too much. It must certainly cost a lot of money and even more manpower to get one off the ground and actually maintain it. That is the excu se they make for being haphazard about their customer service and refusing to set up a call center. Little do they know what they are missing out on. © Shutterstock.com | AndresrIt this article, we will explore 1) the basics of call centers, 2) setting up a call center, and 3) the conclusion.CALL CENTERS: THE BASICSThe simple â€" and decidedly more well-known â€" definition of a call center is “a physical place where customer and other telephone calls are handled by an organization, usually with a certain amount of computer automation”. But there is more to a “call center” than what is stated in that definition.Over the years, call centers have evolved. What originally started out as a company that provides answering services has now become something more encompassing. It’s no longer about just answering phone calls; it also involves collecting useful information that will be used to improve products and services and elevate customer satisfaction.Which companies or businesses make use of call centers?You will find that call centers are often used by organizations that make use of the telephone to reach its customers and sell its products or services. Mail-order catalog companies, telemarketing firms, computer hardware, and software help desks, and mobile money financial service providers are some examples of companies that rely heavily on call centers.These days, there are companies that offer call center services, where they provide telephone customer services for organizations. Businesses â€" both large and small â€" can just opt to avail of their services and leave everything to them.However, if you have the resources as well as the skills, you can set up your own call center and run it. This is actually more advantageous for businesses, since they can closely monitor their customer service, as it is in their own backyard. Many businesses also prefer to be more hands-on when it comes to their customer service, since they will have more control over it.The Role of Call Centers in Driving Customer SuccessCall centers have one major goal: to provide customer service satisfaction, thereby ensuring customer retention, inspiring customer loyalty, and ultimately guarantee the success of a business.In order to better understand how call centers can be instrumental in achieving success with customers, let us break down in detail the benefits that they provide for business organizations.Call centers streamline tasks and increase efficiency.  Call centers are designed with varying levels of computer automation. This means that they are also equipped to handle a considerable volume of calls simultaneously. This results to reduced call times and the costs associated to it. More importantly, customer satisfaction will also be high since their concerns have been addressed quickly and efficiently.Compare this with a single room with only two people manning the phones. During peak hours, the phones will be ringing off the hook, but there are only two people doing the job, and they will handle it the old-fashioned way: putting several calls on hold while they deal with the others first. Of ten, this results to dissatisfied and even angry callers and, eventually, lost customers. Call centers also allow the screening of calls, so they can be forwarded to someone who is more qualified to handle the issue at hand.Call centers facilitate monitoring of different parameters that will help the organization evaluate its performance.  Logging calls can be a pain when done manually. Thanks to the setup of call centers, this is made even easier, so monitoring will not be too much of a hassle. Whenever anyone in the organization needs information on their customer base, all they have to do is look up the call logs of the call center. Results of this monitoring will then be used for key management to make decisions on improving quality and efficiency.Call centers save you money.  Wait, didn’t you say that call centers require considerable cash outlay by the company? That’s right, but that is only when you look at things in the short term. In the long-term, the business will act ually be able to save money.For one, call centers will eliminate the hiring and training of new staff members to provide customer support. The call center agents are already your customer support representatives. You will be able to save even more money when you assign already existing staff members as in-house agents of your call center.Call centers improve customers’ overall perception of your business.  It is the middle of the night and a customer needs help. He immediately calls the hotline number of your company, and an agent in your call center picks it up. This is already a point in your company’s favor, since it shows willingness and readiness on your part to provide assistance, no matter what hour of the day it is.Customers tend to go back to brands and companies that they know will take care of them. Having a call center will certainly give them that impression.If we are to simplify things, it is safe to say that having a call center means being able to provide better customer service.SETTING UP A CALL CENTERIt is a reality that a call center entails a sizable investment by a business. Setting it up and maintaining it will cost the company a lot in terms of resources. It also requires a huge commitment on the part of the organization to keep it running. However, in the long run, the business will have a bigger return on its investment, provided the call center is set up and subsequently ran properly.Things you have to be clear about before setting up a call centerBefore you can set up a call center, however, there are several things that you have to be clear about first. Your objectives and goals in setting up a call center.  Why are you setting up a call center, and why set it up now? Determining your goals and objectives, as well as shedding light on the timing of installing a call center, will help in planning and designing the call center system. You will also have a yardstick to measure the results that will be given by the call center in th e future.The type of call center that you will set up.  There are two possible types of call centers that you can set up:Physical call center: This type of call center will have all the resources â€" computer systems, telephone lines, and agents â€" in one place, often a structure within the business premises, or some other location purposely set up or chosen by the business to be the site of operations of the call center.Virtual call center: In this type of call center, the agents will be operating remotely. They will most likely be handling customer calls from their own homes, or any other place.Any operational constraints that will impact the call center that you will set up.  This entails assessing what you have so you will know what else you will need. The first thing you should look into is your phone system currently in place. Is it working, and if it is, is it working well? The next thing you should check on is if your existing telephone system can be integrated with your ca ll center plan.  You may find during your assessment that your telephone system is already dated and needs an upgrade. You can incorporate that into your budget.Your budget.  Early on, it is important to establish the costs that you expect to spend on setting up and running your call center. It has already been made clear that the business will most likely spend a lot of money on a call center, and one way to avoid hemorrhaging cash on this aspect of the business later on is to have a budget in place. To establish your budget, you must have already determined the following:The location of the call center, or locations, if you plan on setting up multiple call centers.The manpower and the skill sets required to run the call center.The technology â€" telephone lines, hardware, and software â€" that will be used in the call center.Your people.  You should also be able to determine the staffing requirements for the call center. How many people do you need? What are their skills and quali fications?Your customers.  Always remember that a call center is considered to be the front lines of providing customer service and support. Therefore, you have to know your customers.  The first thing you should do is to perform customer profiling, where you will identify who your customers are, their needs and preferences, and other relevant data. If you have already conducted market research involving your customers, then this will not be a difficult or tedious task.  You also have to find out what questions are most often asked by your customers. This will help your agents anticipate the issues that they will have to answer.With these issues sorted out, you are now ready to set up your call center.Assembling your Call Center Team1) Finding the peopleIf you want to have the best call center, it certainly follows that you have to have the best people on your call center team. Where will you find them?The first place to look is within your organization. If you want to improve your sales through your call center, you should consider getting people from your Sales department. If your goal is to get more customers through your call center, then the Marketing department may have the talent you are looking for.You may also recruit call center agents from outside the organization, but make sure that you have a stringent hiring and screening process in place. Your agents will be the “voice” of your company in dealing with customers, albeit over the phone. Therefore, you should look into their education, character, and skills.When choosing call center agents, some of the primary considerations include their language fluency (those who are fluent in more than one language are often preferred), courtesy, and general demeanor. Naturally, you should assign a team leader that can truly lead your call center agents.It does not end there, though. Let us say that you have managed to get together a team composed of well-educated and well-spoken individuals. Are you all se t?Not quite yet.All the members of the team must be trained for the call center environment. Perhaps some of them already have experience, maybe some still don’t. However, call agents still need to be trained for all the potential situations that your organization’s call center is likely to encounter.This entails knowing your customers, which was already discussed earlier. Established business may already have the answers ready, but for startups, they would have to start from scratch.2) Mapping Out the Call CenterThe layout of the call center may be best left in the hands of professional builders and decorators, but that does not mean that you do not have a say in the matter. You should keep in mind the following things when it comes to the layout.As in any working environment, make sure that it is conducive to working, with ample lighting and ventilation.As much as possible, set up a break room, or a common area where the call center agents can be comfortable in.Workstations mu st be positioned in such a way that teamwork and communication are encouraged.Choose ergonomic furniture and fixtures designed for comfort and convenience. Examples include adjustable chairs, computer monitors and keyboards.Design the area to be as far from noise as possible. Keep in mind that agents will be dealing with phone calls, so distraction from noise must be minimized, if not completely eliminated. One way to do this is to employ acoustic engineering, or installing wall fillers and ceiling masking to block or ward off sound.3) Preparing the hardware and softwareNow we come to one of the most important elements of a call center: the hardware and software.Business can count themselves lucky that technology has now advanced greatly, so they have a lot of choices for their hardware and software. However, choosing the appropriate tools is not something that can be done randomly. Often, the help of experts will be required when “shopping” for hardware and software.Many source s say that there are two main things that a call center must have: an ACD and an IVR. But let us not limit ourselves to them, because they are only two of the several things that are needed in a call center. Here are some of the items that you will need to set up a call center. A. HardwareA local area network, or LAN. It should be working smoothly, with no connectivity issues, so as to ensure continuous flow of work within the call center.Desktop computers with headsets. These are considered as the “tools of the trade” of call center agents.Automatic call distributor, or ACD. This is to facilitate routing calls to specific agents within the call center.A predictive dialer. This is for when agents have to make many outgoing calls. A predictive dialer automatically dials batches of numbers, thus saving time and effort.B. Software or SystemsIntelligent Voice Recognition, or IVR. With an IVR, information from callers can be collected. This is what is usually used for those recorded announcements, such as requesting callers to hold, or informing them of an estimated waiting time or their place in queue.A computer telephony integration, or CTI, system. This system collects data such as call information, automatic dialing, and phone control capabilities. This is another very useful monitoring tool.Call recording systems. These are used to monitor the quality of calls. There are also regulations in place that require calls made to and from call centers to be recorded for future reference.4) Defining a disaster recovery planThe final stages of setting up a call center plan require drawing up a disaster recovery plan. You never know what will happen in the future, and it is always better to have a plan in place in order to cope better. Having a disaster recovery plan will also inspire confidence among your customers since it is a sign that you take them seriously, and you will be able to deal with whatever hand your call center is dealt with.Of course, the call cent er is an essential part of the business, and it should be recognized as such. All members of the organization should be made aware of the existence of the call center, and what it does. This way, they will be able to provide support for the call center, and vice versa.CONCLUSIONCustomer success is something that all organizations strive for, since it is an important factor for profitability and growth. Businesses go about providing customer service in various ways. Some methods work, others don’t. The call center is certainly one of the most successful ones. Sure, it is expensive to set up, but when the benefits start rolling in, it will all be definitely worth it.

Strengthening the Social Forces Foucault’s Panopticon Essay

In Foucault’s writing of Panopticon, he defines Panopticon as a mechanism of power used in regulating the society and the community which people are living in . Foucault discusses how rules, policies and laws are applied towards the society and how existence of hierarchy in the society has assigned individuals to play each of their own roles. Power is a natural constructed element embedded into the society. Moreover, Panopticon serves as a homogenous mixture between the process of the power and power schema, in addition , anyone from the outside world has the accessible passage towards this integrated disciplined model. The mechanisms or forces behind Panopticon is that â€Å"it aims to strengthen the social forces,† such as raising the whole†¦show more content†¦Throughout his work, his utterly emphasizes Panopticon as an apparatus which contains multiple purposes ranging from treating plague struck patients to enforcing school children in abiding school la ws. Therefore, it involves maximizing in the benefits of diverse social sectors. â€Å"It is polyvalent in its application; it serves to reform prisoners, but also to treat patients, to instruct schoolchildren, to confine the insane, to supervise workers, to put beggars and idlers to work† ( Foucault 220 ). On the other hand, he has mentioned that a form of surveillance has always existed among the man kind and he has proved his statement by referring to the plague which appeared during the seventeenth century. â€Å"The gaze is alert everywhere: â€Å"A considerable body of militia, commanded by good officers and men of substance,† guards the gates, at the town hall, and in every quarter to ensure the prompt obedience of the people and the most absolute authority of the magistrates,† (Foucault 210). I think this type of surveillance can be seen in nowadays such as security cameras hanging on the wall of malls, schools, supermarkets and office buildings. In my opinion, this is created by mankind inability to trust another person’s moral values and ethical behaviors. This might sounds indecent and threatens peoples’ characters but suspicious looks and awareness are indicated as something that has been put into priority. Hence,Show MoreRelatedSurveillanc e And Surveillance921 Words   |  4 Pagesdoing anything wrong, you are being watched and recorded.† Moreover, the critics of how the psychological and social impact can be seen through with philosophical viewpoints. Michel Foucault an, French philosopher recognized for his influential contributions in which one of his theories establishes the understanding between power and knowledge and how they are implemented as a form of social control through societal institutions. Also, it is crucial to understand that the types of surveillance mechanisms

Analysis Of George Orwell s 1984 - 1169 Words

To have critical, independent , educated thought in today’s society is essential. The kind of technology and media used by the general public now is making it harder to find unbiased information. George Orwell’s 1984 shows how the lack of critical thought can lead the world towards a totalitarian dystopia. The three main symbols that reveal the theme of thinking independently are Big Brother, the four ministries of Oceania, and Winston’s diary. Although Big Brother is merely a figurehead, he plays a major role in The Party’s plan to seize control of Oceania, as well as revealing the main theme in Orwell’s book. He is a creation of The Party, used to personify the government and make manipulating Oceania easier. Pictures of him are posted all around Airstrip One, reminding people that â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3) When one is constantly being monitored, it is much more difficult to think for oneself as the pressure to not say a nything that may be identified as suspicious increases. Privacy is a privilege most people have today. However, in Winston’s world, it does not exist. The inhabitants of Oceania are continuously being supervised and know it: â€Å" You have to live - did live, from habit that became instinct - in the assumption that every sound you make was overheard, and, except in darkness, every movement scrutinised.† (5) The citizens accept that they are being tracked all the time since most of them never had such a thing as privacy. Therefore, they will not knowShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984848 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis In the George Orwell’s novel 1984, much of the society is watched and have no privacy of any kind. Every person in the Party is under surveillance. In effect, these people cannot live freely and independently, but it seems to be an impossible task because of of the Party surveillance, and how they limit thinking and manipulate reality. We can similarly see these concerns and their effects in today s society and the ways the novel also acts as a warning for the future. In 1984 a manRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841423 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Party has many strategies and tactics that help them have complete control of the people of Oceania. The control the Party has maintained gives them the ability to manipulate people as a result. The Party takes away the people’s freedom to have a say in their government and become their own person. They use their power to an extreme against the people rather than to help the people. The Party takes advantage of every opportunity to instill fear in the citizensRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"1984† is a story which takes place in what was then the future of England. The book illustrates a dystopian society in which a government figure named â€Å"Big Brother† rules above all. The country is surrounded by eyes so to speak, devices called â€Å"telescreens† are in houses and buildings to monitor wha t all of the citizens are doing via camera. Coupled with that is the existence of the â€Å"Thought Police† whose sole job is to monitor citizens from committing â€Å"thoughtcrime† which is essentially thinkingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 923 Words   |  4 Pages1984, is a book written by George Orwell giving the reader a view of what a dystopian government would be like. The government of Oceania controls the lives of it’s citizens; posters of a figure known as â€Å"Big Brother† are seen all over and emphasize that he is always watching it’s citizens. The government enforces rules and regulations amongst it’s citizens, restricting them from giving their own opinion or even opposing the government. Thoughtcrime, face crime, and double think are all strictlyRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841450 Words   |  6 PagesThose familiar with George Orwell’s â€Å"1984† will recall that â€Å"Newspeak was de signed not to extend but to diminish the range of thought.† I recently felt the weight of this Orwellian ethos when many of my students sent emails to inform me, and perhaps warn me, that my name appears on the Professor Watchlist, a new website created by a conservative youth group known as Turning Point USA. I could sense the gravity in those email messages, a sense of relaying what is to come. The Professor Watchlist’sRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841377 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious types of governments, such include democracy, oligarchy, and more specifically, totalitarian. A totalitarian government gains extensive amounts of control and power over all of their people, and dominate over every aspect of their lives. George Orwell’s â€Å"1984,† conveys to its readers how the government presented totalitarianism and obtained control over their citizens. This action by the government compares to the massacre of the Holocaust, which portrayed the act of totalitarianism by aiming discriminationRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841029 Words   |  5 Pages Imagine a world where everything you knew had to be forgotten, and you knew nothing more then what was being told to you. In George Orwell’s book 1984 this is exactly the case. Winston Smith, a m iddle aged man, lives a life already planned for him. Smith works at the Ministry of Truth rewriting the news and other articles to follow the teachings of Big Brother. Big Brother is the leader of Oceania, one of three world powers, and aims to rewrite the past to control the present. Oceania is separatedRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst civilizations of mankind, yet it is difficult find one that is perfect even till today. George Orwell shows an example of this within 1984. 1984 was written based on what Orwell thought the government would be like in 1984. He used his personal knowledge and experience with the government to create his story. The setting of 1984 is set in a superstate where there is a totalitarian government. Within 1984 and the 21st century one major key stands out: corruption rules both governments. Trust isRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841026 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1984, by George Orwell violence contributed to the plot by having three stages of reintegration. The stages are to learn, understand, and to accept, Winston was forced to learn that 2+2=5 under torture, understanding that the party is good, and seeks power for its own. Winston accepts and understands the Party and Big Brother as soon as Winston wishes the burden of torture on someone else who he loves, and to learn that Big Brother is eternal and that 2+2=5, Winston then is committed and loyalRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1122 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom. A growing debate concerning Orwell’s 1984 relevancy is quickly on the rise. Orwell’s fear of a totalitarian society led him to write this book as he lived during the totalitarian movement in Russia. The fear of a totalitarian society spreading sparked his fear and wrote this book to make people understand that it is not benef icial to society. I feel that with the the National Security Agency in the United States, the issue and relevancy of 1984 has never been higher. The public is discovering

Carbon Dioxide and Deforestation Free Essays

Kayla Luther Module 4 Assignment 2 Course Project July 27, 2011 Outline : Deforestation Introduction: Deforestation is not something we can just look over. There are many things in our lives that we take pride in and protecting our forest is one of them. Our trees help our animals live, our crops grow, and our families survive. We will write a custom essay sample on Carbon Dioxide and Deforestation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thesis Statement: How do humans benefit from the trees? Arguments: I. Is deforestation the cause of climate change? A. The forest can provide many different products. 1. Consumers use these products everyday ? Cost of products increasing 2. Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere ? Most trees hold in the carbon dioxide . Changes in the ecosystem ? loss of trees mean higher risk of disasters. II. Rain forest are slowly vanishing B. â€Å"Slash and Burn† process. 1. Many farmers are following this process. ? new farmers and crops 2. loss of animals and species ? lose their homes and food 3. the rate of deforestation ? within 100 years all forest will be vanished III. Ecosystem vs. Deforestation C. The forest ecosystem benefits all humans. 1. Most places don’t have fresh water sources so the forest provides many resources. ? clean water 2. We takes trees for granted but what really is their purpose. ? Trees collect CO2 and release oxygen IV. Is pollution worse than deforestation? D. Flying in an airplane is better than cutting down trees. 1. The amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere ? One day of deforestation equals 8 million people flying 2. The amount of CO2 a tree holds. ? released into the atmosphere V. Is livestock and crops really that important? E. How can the livestock and crops live without tress? 1. Farmers should find clear land instead of clearing land. ? Trees provide food, shade, water, and oxygen for the livestock and crops. 2. New businesses and communities ? loss of trees VI. Where would the world be without trees? F. Is the world going to end because the lack of oxygen? 1. Natural Disasters are causing trees to be torn down. ? Tornadoes, hurricanes, and drought 2. Recycling will help reduce the amount of trees that have to be cut down ? use less packaging, paper, and plastic Conclusion: If we start thinking about our futures then we shouldn’t have any problems in reducing the way we live now. Our planet needs our help by saving it and protecting what we have left. We all need to start by recycling, planting trees, and save what wildlife we have left. Even if we only help by ding one thing it is still considered helping. References: FAO. (2006). Scientific facts on forest retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://www. greenfacts. org/en/forests/index. htm#2 Facing the Future (2011). Deforestation retrieved on July 27, 2011 from www. facingthefuture. org/servicelearning/fastfactsquickactions/deforestation/tabid/182/default National Geographic. (2011). Deforestation retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://environment. nationalgeographic. com/environment/global-warming/deforestation-overview. html University of Michigan (n/d). Deforestation retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://www. globalchange. umich. du/globalchange2/current/lectures/deforest/deforest. html Howden, D (2007). Deforestation: the Hidden Cause of Global Warming retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://www. independent. co. uk/environment/climate-change/deforestation-the-hidden-cause-of-global-warming-448734. html Emulgator. org (2005-2008). Pros and Cons of Deforestation retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://www. emulgator. org/Politics-and- Government/5715-The-Pros-And-Cons-of-Deforestation Deforestation ( 2008). Pros and Cons of Deforestation retrieved on July 13, 2011 from http://edu. udym. com/pros-and-cons-of-deforestation/ How to cite Carbon Dioxide and Deforestation, Essay examples

What Muslims think of Jesus an Example by

What Muslims think of Jesus For Christians, God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit make up the Holy Trinity or Three Persons in One God. Jesus is the Son of God who died on the cross to save mankind. To the Muslims, Jesus or Isa in Arabic is highly regarded as well, but in a different nature. The life and times of Jesus is chronicled much differently in Islam. Need essay sample on "What Muslims think of Jesus" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The Muslims rely on the Quran for all the information they need to know about Islam. God revealed to Prophet Muhammad all that has been written in the Quran. All Muslims take the Quran to be complete, genuine and coming from God. The Quran is where all Muslims get guidance from. What the Muslims think of Jesus and what they treat Him as are all contained in the Quran. Muslims fundamental belief is on the prophets and messengers of God. They include Adam, Jesus, Moses and Muhammad. A Muslim is not considered a Muslim if he does not acknowledge that Jesus is a Messenger of God. The Messiah, son of Mary, was no more than a Messenger before whom many Messengers have passed away; and his mother adhered wholly to truthfulness, and they both ate food. See how We make Our signs clear to them; and see where they are turning away! (Quran 5:75) The Muslims believe in Jesus immaculate conception by the Virgin Mother Mary, or Maryam in Arabic. Relate in the Book the Story of Mary, when she withdrew from her family, to a place in the East. She screened herself from them; then We sent to her Our spirit and he appeared before her as man in all respects. She said: I seek refuge from you in God Most Gracious if you do fear God. He said: Nay, I am only a Messenger from your Lord, to announce to you the gift of a pure son. She said: How shall I have a son, when no man has ever touched me, and I am not unchaste? He said: So it will be, your Lord says: That is easy for Me; and We wish to appoint him as a sign unto men and a Mercy from Us: It was a matter so decreed. (Quran 19:16-21) For the Muslims the birth of Jesus was miraculous and that God created Jesus in the image of Adam. She said: O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has touched me? He said: So for God creates what He wills. When He has decreed something, He says to it only: Be! and it is. Additionally, according to Quran (3:59): Verily, the likeness of Jesus in Gods Sight is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then said to him: Be! and he was (Quran 3:47) The Muslims likewise believe Jesus spoke like an adult and revealed himself when he was just a baby. Then she pointed to him. They said: How can we talk to one who is child in the cradle? He said: Verily! I am a slave of God, He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet; (Quran 19:29-30) They likewise believed that Jesus indeed performed miracles. Unlike Christians that believe Jesus was and is on His own when he performs miracles, the Muslims believe that Jesus need the will and permission of God who is above all, controls and wields power over all. Then will God say: O Jesus the son of Mary! Recount My favor to you and to your mother. Behold! I strengthened you with the Holy Spirit so that you did speak to the people in childhood and in maturity. Behold! I taught you the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel. And behold: you make out of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by My leave, and you breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by My leave, and you heal those born blind, and the lepers by My leave. And behold! I did restrain the children of Israel from when you did show them the Clear Signs, and the unbelievers among them said: This is nothing but evident magic (Quran 5:110). Islam does not believe in a Trinity and neither does it espouse God the Son. What it does teach and believe to be true is there is only one God, He is Supreme and is all powerful without limitations, needs nor wants. He is the Creator and rules above all creation. There is no other one in his Divinity. People of the Book! Do not exceed the limits in your religion, and attribute to God nothing except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a Messenger of God, and His command that He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in God and in His Messengers, and do not say: God is a Trinity. Give up this assertion; it would be better for you. God is indeed just One God. Far be it from His glory that he should have a son. To him belongs all that is in the heavens and in the earth. God is sufficient for guardian (Quran 4:171). There is no God the Son for the Muslims, neither do they believe that God has a son and Jesus is that son. Say: God is Unique! God, the Source. He has not fathered anyone nor was He fathered, and there is nothing comparable to Him! (Quran 112:1-4). Jesus will always be the son of Mary for Muslims. Such was Jesus, the son of Mary; it is a statement of truth, about which they vainly dispute. It is not befitting to the majesty of God, that He should beget a son. Glory be to Him! When He determines a matter, He only says to it, Be and it is (Quran 19:34-35). For Christians, Jesus died on the cross to save mankind. The Muslims believe otherwise. They did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but they thought they did. (Quran 4:156). God lifted him up to His presence. God is Almighty, All-Wise (Quran 4:157). There is really a dramatic difference in the way Christians and Muslims regard Jesus. For the Christians Jesus is God Himself, for the Muslims Jesus is a Messenger of God. It will be noted that references to Jesus in the verses of Quran do not give him the same honor given to God, like capital letters for His Name. For the Muslims, Jesus was really the son of man. The reverence given him was because Jesus was believed to be a Messenger of God and it is fundamental in Islam to believe in prophets and messengers of God. Works Cited The Islamic and Christian Views of Jesus: A Comparison. 8 May 2007.

Free Essays on Global Warming And Public Policy

When too much carbon dioxide is omitted into the Earth’s atmosphere, the condition known as Global Warming occurs. Global Warming is the rising of the Earth’s surface temperature due to chemicals in the atmosphere. Global Warming has many threats on the climate and even the health of the people on this planet. Some of these threats include the altering of crop seasons and can even affect the way organisms survive on the planet. I chose this subject because it is extremely interesting, scary and a bit of a shock as to how much we have abused and taken advantage of this Earth. So, then how can we prevent the destruction of our climate? The side I’ am taking is to focus on how we can change or stop the damage which has been done to our environment. This issue is very controversial because we are aware of the consequences and effects of Global Warming in the future and we recognize this as a serious problem, yet we do not consider it as an immediate threat to our lives, because we are in denial of this climate change, we don’t take responsibility for controlling our emission of Carbon Dioxide and take our time devising possible solutions to the problem. Several questions that I hope I will answer in this paper include what are the consequences and effects of Global Warming in the future and what solutions are there for the problem? Though progress as far as technology has been something we make use of and enjoy, we are paying for it in ways I had never thought after researching this topic on my own. The first thing I think I should discuss when talking about global warming is what causes it to occur. Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, which are known as greenhouse gases, all build up in the atmosphere of the earth. It is important to know that the "greenhouse effect" is not a bad thing in itself. In fact, this planet would be a life-less waste land without its natural green housing. Without the natura... Free Essays on Global Warming And Public Policy Free Essays on Global Warming And Public Policy When too much carbon dioxide is omitted into the Earth’s atmosphere, the condition known as Global Warming occurs. Global Warming is the rising of the Earth’s surface temperature due to chemicals in the atmosphere. Global Warming has many threats on the climate and even the health of the people on this planet. Some of these threats include the altering of crop seasons and can even affect the way organisms survive on the planet. I chose this subject because it is extremely interesting, scary and a bit of a shock as to how much we have abused and taken advantage of this Earth. So, then how can we prevent the destruction of our climate? The side I’ am taking is to focus on how we can change or stop the damage which has been done to our environment. This issue is very controversial because we are aware of the consequences and effects of Global Warming in the future and we recognize this as a serious problem, yet we do not consider it as an immediate threat to our lives, because we are in denial of this climate change, we don’t take responsibility for controlling our emission of Carbon Dioxide and take our time devising possible solutions to the problem. Several questions that I hope I will answer in this paper include what are the consequences and effects of Global Warming in the future and what solutions are there for the problem? Though progress as far as technology has been something we make use of and enjoy, we are paying for it in ways I had never thought after researching this topic on my own. The first thing I think I should discuss when talking about global warming is what causes it to occur. Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, which are known as greenhouse gases, all build up in the atmosphere of the earth. It is important to know that the "greenhouse effect" is not a bad thing in itself. In fact, this planet would be a life-less waste land without its natural green housing. Without the natura...

Civil War Battle of Chickamauga

Civil War Battle of Chickamauga Dates: September 18-20, 1863 Other Names: None Location: Chickamauga, Georgia Key Individuals Involved in the Battle of Chickamauga: Union: Major General William S. Rosecrans, Major General George H. ThomasConfederate: General Braxton Bragg and Lt. General James Longstreet Outcome: Confederate Victory. 34,624 casualties of which 16,170 were Union soldiers. Overview of the Battle: The Tullahoma Campaign during the American Civil War had been devised by Union Major General William Rosecrans and was carried out between June 24-July 3, 1863. Through his efforts, the Confederates were pushed out of the middle of Tennessee and the Union was able to begin its move against the key city of Chattanooga. After this campaign, Rosecrans moved into position to push the Confederates from Chattanooga. His army consisted of three corps which split up and headed for the city by separate routes. By early September, he had consolidated his scattered troops and actually forced General Braxton Braggs army out of Chattanooga to the South. They were pursued by the Union troops.   General Bragg was set on reoccupying Chattanooga. Therefore, he decided to defeat part of the Union forces outside the city and then move back in. On September 17th and 18th, his army marched north, meeting Union cavalry and mounted infantry armed with Spencer Repeating rifles. On September 19, the main fighting occurred. Braggs men tried unsuccessfully to break through the Union line. Fighting continued on the 20th. However, a mistake happened when Rosecrans was told that a gap had formed in his armys line. When he moved units to fill the gap, he actually created one. Confederate General James Longstreets men were able to exploit the gap and drive about a third of the Union army from the field. Rosecrans was included in the group and Union Major General George H. Thomas took over command.   Thomas consolidated forces on Snodgrass Hill and Horseshoe Ridge. Although the Confederate troops assaulted these forces, the Union line held until nighttime. Thomas was then able to lead his troops from the battle, allowing the Confederates to take Chickamauga. The battle was then set for the Union and Confederate troops in Chattanooga with the North occupying the city and the South occupying the surrounding heights.   Significance of the Battle of Chickamauga: Even though the Confederates won the battle, they did not press their advantage. The Union army had retreated to Chattanooga. Instead of focusing their attacks there, Longstreet was sent to attack Knoxville. Lincoln had time to replace Rosecrans with General Ulysses Grant who brought in reinforcements.    Source: CWSAC Battle Summaries

Knowledge and Its Affect on the Society and Its Spontaneous Essay

Knowledge and Its Affect on the Society and Its Spontaneous - Essay Example To answer this Althusser (1978) coined the term â€Å"Ideological State Apparatuses† and â€Å"Repressive State Apparatuses†, gives that necessary epistemological break, more analytically than Gramsci (1971), in his theory of social â€Å"hegemony†. In contrast to Bourdieu's concept of habitus, the Ideological State Apparatuses consist of social institutions like school, university etc that help spread a particular discourse of thought-process and archetypal pattern of understanding in a particular way (like Christian concept of good and evil). The Repressive State Apparatus are agents of repression, like the Police, that teach by force and thus maintain the necessary consensus. While the institutions teach through the medium of language that is itself coloured with discursive power to subjugate a subject in the given hegemony almost without any conflict or force. Lacan (1968) explains this linguistic paradox in his theory of language where he says that the stage when s subject enters the realm of the â€Å"symbolic† sphere, the self/consciousness becomes a complex site where one loses the capability to express beyond that given medium of language, which is finite and a complex site of power play. Language is not neutral, but an agent of defining this ideological and hegemonic base. Quite pessimistically, the answer has been given as no. Since the state is a billion-eyed monster keeping a watch on its subject (imagine Orwell’s 1984), the state apparatuses reach out adventitiously even to the furthest grass-root level and teach by force or by apparently ‘neutral’ force to form subjects who cannot escape this ‘interpellation’ (Althusser).

Inviting a Distinguished Guest (email format) Assignment

Inviting a Distinguished Guest (email format) - Assignment Example Core to the group’s agenda is development of members’ entrepreneurial potentials for self-employment and job creation for members and the group believes that you are a perfect example of successful people in this scope, both in your industry and beyond. The group succeeded in ventures such as sponsoring its members’ viable business ideas. Visionaries Group therefore wishes to invite you to address its members on your strategies to success, challenges that you have faced in the journey, your motivational factors, and your vision for the next decade. We believe that your presence and address will have great impacts on the young minds that wish to follow the same path as yours. The seminar will be held at University of California Los Angeles. Every member of the group is looking forward to your address and to interact with you at a personal level and the group is able to reschedule the seminar to suit your schedule. There will be other invited quests but all have communicated their availability and flexibility to our scheduled time. There will be a token of appreciation for your special time as the group has set aside $ 500 for the purpose. All of us look forward to your confirmation of your availability for our seminar and your suitable date, time, and suitable duration

Nursing Management of a Chronic Illness: Diabetes

Nursing Management of a Chronic Illness: Diabetes Maddison Adams Over time, ineffective management of diabetes can lead to a number of health related problems such as damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Diabetes is a rapidly growing health epidemic. Insulin is a hormone that is produced to regular blood sugar levels. Diabetes is a chronic illness that can be caused by the pancreas producing an inadequate amount of insulin; this is referred to as type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is not preventable and the cause is not known. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by the body ineffectively using the insulin produced by the pancreas. This type of diabetes occurs in approximately 90% of the individuals living with diabetes. It is mainly caused by obesity and lack of physical exercise. Another type of diabetes is referred to as gestational diabetes; this is caused by hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes has made a dramatic increase in recent years. It is classified as one of the world†™s leading causes of illness and premature death. Powerlessness is referred to as the feelings expressed by an individual suffering from a chronic illness, it can occur at some point during their illness. There are numerous methods in which individuals with diabetes can control and be involved in their own healthcare. Nurses play a very important role in improving the health outcomes of individuals living with diabetes. Some strategies a nurse can implement to empower and facilitate self-management for patients and families or carers include: educating the client about correct administration of insulin and blood glucose monitoring, empowerment of the client in order for them to recognize and acknowledge the amount of control their have and require regarding their own health outcomes as well as assisting the client with the development of realistic and attainable healthcare goals. The client is in complete control of their healthcare requirements. Previous research has highlighted the importance of the role of the nurse and how they can improve client compliance and ultimately improve the quality of life in individuals living with diabetes. This improvement is influenced by education and empowerment techniques implemented by the nurse that enable the client to effectively self-manage their chronic illness. Diabetes is a worldwide health epidemic, therefore it is critical that individuals involved in the care of a client with diabetes take the necessary action to educate and empower the client with diabetes. Recent statistics has highlighted the prevalence of diabetes. In 2013, approximately 347 million individuals worldwide lived with diabetes. It is predicted that by 2030, diabetes will be the seventh leading cause of death. Complications associated with diabetes includes kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy. Ac cording to WHO, in 2004 it was estimated that 34 million individuals died as a result of the complications of diabetes such as hyperglycemia. Poorly controlled diabetes contributes to other consequences other than the physical consequences. These include: the emotional impact on the individual and family or carer and the financial issues associated with living with a chronic illness. These consequences combine to result in the client with diabetes becoming less compliant and also experiencing a reduced quality of life. The negative consequence of living with diabetes exposes the client to the risks of lifelong financial and emotional issues. The nurse plays a diverse role in assisting their client with education regarding how to embrace their chronic illness with the aim to achieve the best possible quality of life. Introducing an explaining the medical interventions that are implemented in order to manage diabetes, such as insulin and blood glucose monitoring, encourages the creation of realistic and attainable goals as well as assisting the client to form what to self-manage and learn certain copying techniques in order to gain control over with health outcomes, avoiding the illness taking control are some strategies that allows the clients to make informed choice and changes to their healthcare in the future. The first strategy the nurse can implement is assisting their client with developing realistic and attainable goals in regards to their longtime diabetes management. Encouraging the client to create health care goals will not always lead to the client attaining them. The nurse must understand and be aware of the various problems related to helping their client develop health care goals that are realistic, and especially attainable. The goals the client creates must be specific and based on physical outcomes (e.g. not drinking sweetened beverages), measureable (e.g. running for half an hour twice a week), action orientated (e.g. exercise). The goals must be both challenging but realistic so that the client is not discouraged by the over challenging goals or has no sense of accomplishment due to ease of attaining goal. There are numerous barriers that are related to creating goals and may deter the client from achieving them. Knowledge deficit regarding the influence of lifestyle factors on diabetes management may cause clients to misunderstand the importance of setting health goals and prevent them from adhering to them. The client may also avoid changes to their health behavior goals due to emotional barriers such as lack of motivation. Another disadvantage the nurse may face when assisting their client with creating a goal is lack of finances and barriers in available resources. These barriers include lack of money and lack of social support systems. Clients may require assistance with planning ways to overcome difficulties to attaining health goals. These difficulties may include the inability to afford fresh fruit and vegetables to maintain a nutrient rich diet. It is important that strategies are in place for each barrier the nurse identifies in order to overcome them. This is due to some cli ents lacking the skills required to solve problems that may come in contact with when living with a chronic illness when consumed with other issues such as financial difficulties. Another strategy the nurse can implement is educating the client on the correct administration of insulin and blood glucose monitoring. Many barriers can impair the client’s ability to self-manage their diabetes in an effective manner despite having been educated on medication administration and blood glucose monitoring. Clients may be resistant to following a insulin administration regimen due to factors such as fear of administrating an injection, being uncertain about the correct injection techniques and being afraid of having a hyperglycemia or hypoglycemic episode. These concerns are shared among individuals with diabetes in regards to monitoring their blood glucose levels. According to H, the clients that became tolerant of daily blood glucose monitoring remain unaware of how to correctly interpret the blood glucose levels and were unaware of how to change their food consumption and contribution to physical activity, let alone determine when insulin administration was re quired. Current diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a short program that clients with diabetes complete and involves education regarding basic self-management skills. Further education and developments of these skills is required in order to allow patients to possess the adequate knowledge and the comfort required to effectively manage their illness for their lifetime. Another barrier related to educating the client on the correct administration of insulin and blood glucose monitoring involves lack of finances that are required to adequately maintain control of the client’s chronic illness. A client that has been diagnosed with diabetes will live with the illness for their entire life; therefore the financial impact on the client will be lifelong. The financial impact of living with a chronic illness such as diabetes can contribute to emotional and financial difficulties that may have a negative effect on the client self-management efforts. Issues the client may face living with diabetes includes the inability to afford the supplies required to maintain specific health goals. This financial difficulty can be caused by lack of health insurance or low socio-economic status and has the potential to put the client at risk of having reduced compliance and poorer health outcomes. According to Stys (2007), client’s living with diabetes that have health insurance can afford prescription medications and therefore are involved in better health outcomes compared to client without health insurance. Also, many clients are able to self-manage their diabetes but are unable to due to financial difficulties. The final strategy the nurse can implement is assisting the patient to develop copying techniques as well as empowering them to identify and acknowledge the control they have on their diabetes. Educating the client regarding ways to cope and empowering them to effectively self-manage their diabetes is an important role of the nurse. The client may experience stress as a result of the fear of the complications of diabetes, depression, tough medication and diet guidelines and the feeling of being overwhelmed is associated with the client being less likely to effectively self-manage their illness. Morbidity, mortality, limitation to function and reduced quality of life can been caused by emotional distress. The nurse must respond to stress experienced by their client quickly in order to adequate educate them on ways of coping with diabetes as well as encouraging the client to gain a reasonable understanding and acceptance of their illness. This is a requirement for patients living with diabetes and will result in the client feeling empowered and in control of their health. Despite advances in the treatment of diabetes, clients with the chronic illness have less than optimal control and therefore suffer from preventable complications associated with it. There are numerous methods in which individuals with diabetes can control and be involved in their own healthcare. Previous research has highlighted the importance of the role of the nurse and how they can improve client compliance and ultimately improve the quality of life in individuals living with diabetes. This improvement is influenced by education and empowerment techniques implemented by the nurse that enable the client to effectively self-manage their chronic illness. Being aware of the strategies that are effective in assisting a client with a chronic illness as well as the barriers they may face is an important aspect in improving the health outcomes of individuals living with diabetes. References Aldridge, V 2005, Facilitating self-management for diabetes patients, Practice Nurse, 29, 11, pp. 33-38, Health Business Elite. Asimakopoulou, K 2007, ‘’Empowerment in the self-management of diabetes: Are we ready to test assumptions’, Talking Point, 4, 3, pp.94-97. Cyrino, A, Schraiber, L, Teixeira, R 2009, Education for type 2 diabetes mellitus self-care: From compliance to empowerment’, Interface, 13, 30, pp.93-106. Funnell, M, Tang, T, Anderson, R 2007, From research to practice/DSME support. From DSME to DSMS: Developing empowerment-based diabetes self-management support, Diabetes Spectrum, 20, 4, pp. 221-226. Funnel, M, Anderson, R 2004, ‘Empowerment and self-management of diabetes’, 22, 2, pp.123-127. Heisler, M 2007, From research to practice/DSME support. Overview of peer support models to improve diabetes self-management and clinical outcomes, Diabetes Spectrum, 20, 4, pp. 214-221. Marrero, D, Ard, J, Delamater, A, Peragallo-Dittko, V, Mayer-Davis, E, Nwankwo, R, Fisher, E 2013, ‘Twenty-first century behavioral medicine: A context for empowering clinicians and patients with diabetes’, Diabetes Care, 36, 2, pp.463-470. Peyrot, M, Rubin, R 2007, ‘Behavioral and psychosocial interventions in diabetes: A conceptual review’, Diabetes Care, 30, 10, pp.2433-2441. Scambler, S, Newtown, P, Asimakopoulou, K 2014, ‘The context of empowerment and self-care within the field of diabetes’, Health, 1, 16, pp.1-16. Stys, A Kulkarni, K 2007, Identification of self-care behaviors and adoption of lifestyle changes result in sustained glucose control and reduction of comorbidities in Type 2 diabetes’, Diabetes Spectrum, 20, 1, pp.55-59. World Health Organization 2013, ‘Diabetes Program 2013’, retrieved May 5th, 2014, http://www.who.int/diabetes/en/> MADDISON ADAMS (211265503)

Feasibility Report for a Fast Food Restaurant

FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR A FAST FOOD RESTAURANT PREAMBLE: We have taken out time to write this report for several reasons among which are: [pic] This project serves as part of the â€Å"private-sector participation initiative† drive embarked by our company [pic] Our desire to make you reconsider your present stand about not wanting to invest in the Nigerian economy, for now [pic] Our belief that this report can form a base for an enlarged feasibility report, which we hope you, would commission us to carry out [pic] Our desire to make you see the financial viability of this project [pic] Our desire to make you see the potentials of the Nigerian market [pic] Our desire to bring viable investments into this country [pic] Our desire to portray the true image of Nigeria to the outside world [pic] Our desire to see your company operational in Nigeria It is therefore our firm belief that after reading through this report, there will be a burning desire to reap the benefits of investing in Africa's biggest market, and partnering with us in i ts quest to touch hearts through the McDonald's heritage. TABLE OF CONTENT 1. DATA GATHERING 2. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT 3. SITE ANALYSIS 4. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS 5. FINANCIAL STATEMENT [pic] DATA GATHERING [pic]BASIC FACTS ABOUT NIGERIA: AFRICA's BIGGEST DEMOCRACY AND MARKET. FEDERAL CAPITAL: ABUJA COMMERCIAL CAPITAL: LAGOS POPULATION Nigeria with a population of 113,828,587 (July 1999 EST. ) is the most populous country in Africa. It has a Population Growth rate: 2. 92% (1999 EST. ) AGE STRUCTURE 0-14 YEARS: 45% (MALE 25,613,974; FEMALE 25,397,166) 15-64 YEARS: 52% (MALE 30,272,539; FEMALE 29,197,611) 65 YEARS AND OVER: 3% (MALE 1,678,732; FEMALE 1,668,565) (1999 EST. ) [pic]MARKET AREA We intend that McDonald's setup its first restaurant, in Lagos State. It has also pinned down any of these locations for its first restaurant, namely Broad and Marina Streets in Lagos Island, Awolowo Road in Ikoyi, and Akin Adesola and Ahmadu Bello Way, in Victoria Island. There is a school of thought that says that the Market in Lagos is bigger than the Market in other countries of West Africa put together. For people conversant with Lagos, these locations are prime locations, as they boast of the presence of Nigeria’s high rise buildings, Nigeria’s most successful shops and companies, with their attendant management and senior staff, who invariably are Nigeria’s creme de la creme. These locations can also be regarded as Nigeria’s Jugular vein in commerce. They also presently boast of hosting the best Fast Food Restaurants in Lagos. We are already looking forward to a healthy competition between you and them. Another feature of these locations is that they can be accessed within 5-10minutes of each other. It is therefore usual to see people working in Victoria Island moving over to a restaurant in Ikoyi, or Lagos Island, and vice versa. [pic]DEMOGRAPHY OF POTENTIAL CONSUMERS: Age: Infant – 60 and above (some fast food restaurants have playing pens for infants) Sex: Male: Female (55%: 45%) Income: $300/year and above Usage Rate: Worst Case Scenario: 500 consumers/day Average Case Scenario: 1200 consumers/day Best Case Scenario: 2000 consumers/day With McDonald's we expect figures to get as high as 1,500, 2,200 and 2,700 respectively. User Status: Ranges from first time users, Regular users and Occasional Users. For an average day in the 1ST year of operations: First Time Users: approx. 10% Regular Users: approx. 50% Occasional Users: approx. 40% Loyalty Status: Indifferent (None) 42% Medium: 35% Strong: 20% Absolute: 3% We are however confident that with McDonald's, consumers can be pulled from the indifferent categories, to being strong and absolute consumers with McDonald's. Occupation: Predominantly white collar workers, businessmen also form a sizable proportion of consumers. During weekends and evenings, the majority of consumers are whole families, couples, lovers etc. Educational Qualification: Secondary (High) school certificate holders to PHD holders. Religion: Predominantly Christian and liberal Muslims. This therefore means, a willingness/freedom to associate with people, including the opposite sex in public. Provisions for Takeaway snacks also allow the recluse patronize Fast Food Restaurants. Social Status: 80% of all classes of society BENEFITS: These are related to some kind of advantages looked for in patronizing any business. In the case of Fast Food Restaurants, the following parameters have been used to assess patronage: Economical Nature of Investment: Medium Rating Convenience: High Rating Prestige: High Rating Hangout Venue: High Rating LOCAL TRAFFIC PATTERNS: Lagos has a high traffic pattern. On a busy weekday afternoon in Lagos, traffic density is approx. 000 cars/sq. kilometers. [pic] CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT Concept development means making decisions about the components of the fast food restaurant concept, including theme, menu, service style, hours of operations. Since this feasibility is for the setting up of an already established name, its concept would basically be c entered upon what is presently obtainable. It is however important to make some recommendations, as the data from the population in the market area would help in evaluating a fast food restaurant's concept that fits the area’s needs and preferences. Lagos Island and its sister island, Victoria Island, form what is called Lagos City or EKO. It is a city with a high rate of hustle and bustle. In some parts of this city, the lights never go out. It is a city in which 70 percent of its work force comes from smaller towns (3-70 kilometers) from within and outside Lagos State, on a daily basis. This scenario automatically creates needs in the minds of some migrants to Lagos City, which must be met, such as: 1. Where do we eat breakfast, considering that we might have to wake up very early so as to avoid the early morning rush, which results in traffic jams? 2. Where do we eat lunch, considering the fact the demands of work and the distance between workplace and home will prevent us from going home? 3. Where do we eat dinner, considering that we might need to allow the traffic jam caused by motorists leaving Lagos City, subside? Apart from these variables, fast food restaurants in Lagos play host to people who live in Lagos City, and also provide a conducive environment for businessmen. We would therefore recommend that hours of operation span from 6. 45am to 9. 45pm daily. [pic] SITE ANALYSIS Specifically, we would like to narrow down our site search to Akin Adesola Street, in Victoria Island. This road is directly linked to the bridge that connects Lagos Island at the Ikoyi and Old Ikoyi end of Lagos Island: a drive of less than 5 minutes. It is important to note that Old Ikoyi is the most expensive residential area in Lagos State, and it is followed closely by Victoria Island, which also houses the most expensive office apartments in Lagos State. What this means is that McDonald's would be neighboring the rich and tasteful people resident in Lagos State. Akin Adesola Street, which spans about 1. 1Km is directly linked to the major streets in Victoria Island such as Ahmadu Bello way, Ozumba Mbadiwe, Adeyemo Alakija, Adeola Odeku, Sanusi Fafunwa, Karimu Kotun and Bishop Oluwole Streets. It traffic density is not too high as the road is dualised. At the other end of this street is the famous Bar beach; with Kuramo beach around the corner. McDonald's would therefore benefit from people coming to the beach who require Take-away. The presence of the beach also guarantees a constant supply of fresh air. Presently, only one major fast food restaurant operator has an outlet on this major road. Around Victoria Island there are presently about six fast food restaurants and based on the potentials of this area of Lagos State it would be an understatement to say that that Akin Adesola Street, would comfortably house another restaurant, most especially the first McDonald's restaurant in Nigeria. It is important to note that apart from Lagos City, other towns in Lagos State, such as Ikeja and Apapa can comfortably host a McDonald's restaurant. [pic] COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Fast foods in Nigeria are as old as Nigeria itself. From the time of Nigeria’s independence fast food shops have been opened in the major towns of Nigeria. It was however not until 1986 that United African Company of Nigeria (UACN) in a diversification bid opened the first real fast food chain of restaurants in Nigeria. Since then a number of other operators have graced the fast food restaurant industry stage. Presently, it is one of the fastest growing sectors of the Nigerian economy and it would not be out of place to say that there is already a fast food craze in Nigeria, and this is just the beginning. In financial term, the fast food industry is approximately a $40 million dollar market, with over 83% of this market in Lagos State alone. In doing a proper competitor analysis, it will be appropriate to first identify the major competitors whose presence will bring out the best of McDonald's. The major players are MR. Bigg's (a fast food restaurant operated by UACN), Tantalizers, Tastees Fried Chicken, Sweet Sensations, Munchies, Favorites, Friends Eatery, Kas Chicken, Fingers (a fast food restaurant operated by United Trading Company), St. Elmo’s (a South African Franchise). For this analysis, only the three major fast food joints will be discussed. MR. BIGG’S This is a subsidiary of the big conglomerate, United African Company of Nigeria (UACN). It started operations in 1986, and is noted for being the first real operator of fast food restaurants in Nigeria. Presently, there are thirty-seven outlets spread all over Nigeria, with a massive twenty-two in Lagos State. Plans are on the ground to increase the total number of restaurants to fifty-seven by the end of the year. An estimated 1200 people visit an average Mr. Bigg's outlet per day. STRENGHTS †¢ Biggest financial muscle †¢ Brand Name recognition †¢ Good Knowledge of the Nigerian market †¢ Complete support of the UACN conglomerate as it is rumored to be the only subsidiary presently making a profit †¢ Strong emphasis on family and catching the young †¢ Formation of alliances with companies providing complementary goods †¢ Good use of the electronic and print media †¢ Starts operations as early as 6. 5am, with the intention of attending to people who want a good meal breakfast before working hours commence WEAKNESSES †¢ Its strength fizzles out at the arrival of the other major fast food operators to the neighborhood †¢ It is presently not noted for its excellent food, as it places emphasis on its snacks †¢ The initial excitement that heralded its entrance to the market seems to have been lost, as there seems to be â€Å"an out of fashion†, cover on it with the presence of the new entrants. This feeling is however peculiar to Lagos, as the opening of any Mr. Bigg's restaurant outside Lagos gives a feeling â€Å"at long last†, to the residents of these towns TANTALIZERS One of the most promising fast food restaurants in Nigeria. They began operations in the Festac area of Lagos State in 1995, and within the space of about six years have opened seven other outlets. The management of Tantalizers can be regarded as very aggressive marketers. Their marketing strategy seems to be directly aimed at their competitors. In the last four outlets they have opened, they have set up shops almost directly opposite or at best, a little close to their competitors in the process of drawing customers to their outlets. STRENGTHS: †¢ Effective Marketing Strategy †¢ Improving Brand Name Recognition †¢ Commendable Customer Service †¢ Vastly improving financial muscle †¢ Marketing emphasis is on catching couples and lovers WEAKNESS: Increasing complaint about the quality of their food †¢ Diversification into Africa Meals may be their undoing as they would be dividing their effort between the Fast food restaurant and the new African food restaurant †¢ There seems to be an emerging class distinctio n within the fast food industry, and the feeling is that Tantalizers falls within the middle class category. In other words, for serious minded businessmen and the upper-class, Tantalizers would naturally not come as their first choice of a fast food restaurant TASTEE FRIED CHICKEN It is one of the most promising fast food restaurants in Nigeria. It began operations in Surulere, Lagos State. It is attributed to be the second new generation fast food restaurant, after Mr. Bigg's. At the time of this report they have only three restaurants. When one considers the time they have spent in the fast food industry in Nigeria, and the fact that they only have three restaurants to show for it, one would want to mistakenly write them off as underachievers. Doing this will however be at ones peril as they seem to be carving a niche among the business and upper classes. STRENGTHS: †¢ Improving Brand Name Recognition †¢ Commendable Customer Service †¢ High taste and consumer conducive environment †¢ Regarded as having the best food in the industry Marketing emphasis seems to be on, catching the business class WEAKNESS: †¢ Ineffective class distinction. Class distinction which they claim to be their marketing strategy for luring the business and upper classes, has not seen them charging higher prices for their service with the belief that consumers who value t heir products and service will be willing to pay for it. In other words, even though it may seem that they are providing better products and service, it has not accrued to relatively bigger profit, as it seems that their expenses are relatively higher than their competitors, while the profit, which should be proportional to expenditure, is lower. †¢ Marketing is not aggressive [pic] FINANCIAL STATEMENT Financial Analysis will be based on the demography of potential consumers of McDonald's as arrived at in the demographic studies (USAGE RATE) on page 4 of this report. According to the survey carried out on existing fast food restaurants, Usage Rate: Worst Case Scenario: 500 consumers/day Average Case Scenario: 1,200 consumers/day Best Case Scenario: 2,000 consumers/day With McDonald's we expect figures to get as high as 1,500, 2,200 and 2,700 respectively per restaurant. Using these figures, assuming an average consumer spends $1. 5/visit/day, expected income: For Worst Case Scenario: 1,500 X $1. 5 X 360 days per year = $810,000 per year For Average Case Scenario: 2,200 X $1. 5 X 360 days per year = $1,188,000 per year For Best Case Scenario: 2,700 X $1. 5 X 360 days per year = $1,458,000 per year In reality, consumers presently spend between $0. 4 – $5 per visit, making our estimated income analysis of $1. 50 per visit very conservative. CONCLUSION: The nature of this report has made us only able to do extensive work on areas such as Data Gathering, Concept Development and Site Analysis. It has only been able to peripherally touch areas such as Competitor Analysis and Financial Statement. A proper analysis on areas such as Competitor Analysis and Financial Statement which form an integral part of any Feasibility work, will only be possible if the company for which this report has been done and sent to, finds it necessary to commission us on a more extensive feasibility study.

Spider Silk Is Natures Miracle Fiber

Spider silk is one of the most miraculous natural substances on Earth. Most building materials are either strong or elastic, but spider silk is both. Its been described as stronger than steel (which is not quite accurate, but close), more impenetrable than Kevlar, and stretchier than nylon. It withstands a lot of strain before breaking, which is the very definition of a tough material. Spider silk also conducts heat and is known to have antibiotic properties. All Spiders Produce Silk All spiders produce silk, from the tiniest jumping spider to the biggest tarantula. A spider has special structures called spinnerets at the end of its abdomen. Youve probably watched a spider constructing a web, or rappelling from a silk thread. The spider uses its hind legs to pull the strand of silk from its spinnerets, little by little. Spider Silk Is Made From Protein But what is spider silk, exactly? Spider silk is a fiber of protein, produced by a gland in the spiders abdomen. The gland stores silk protein  in liquid form, which isnt particularly useful for building structures like webs. When the spider needs silk, the liquefied protein passes through a canal where it gets an acid bath. As the pH of the silk protein is lowered (as its acidified), it changes the structure. The motion of pulling the silk from the spinnerets puts tension on the substance, which helps it harden into a solid as it emerges. Structurally, silk consists of layers of amorphous and crystalline proteins. The firmer protein crystals give silk its strength, while the softer, shapeless protein provides elasticity. Protein is a naturally occurring polymer (in this case, a chain of amino acids). Spider silk, keratin, and collagen are all formed of protein. Spiders will often recycle valuable silk proteins by eating their webs. Scientists have labeled silk proteins using radioactive markers and examined new silk to determine how efficiently spiders reprocess the silk. Remarkably, theyve found spiders can consume and reuse silk proteins in 30 minutes. Thats an amazing recycling system! This versatile material could have limitless applications, but harvesting spider silk isnt very practical on a large scale. Producing a synthetic material with the properties of spider silk has long been the Holy Grail of scientific research.   8 Ways Spiders Use Silk Scientists have studied spider silk for centuries, and have learned quite a bit about how spider silk is made and used. Some spiders can actually produce 6 or 7 kinds of silk using different silk glands. When the spider weaves a silk thread, it can combine these varied kinds of silks to produce specialized fibers for different purposes. Sometimes the spider needs a stickier silk strand, and other times it needs a stronger one. As you might imagine, spiders make good use of their silk-producing skills. When we think of spiders spinning silk, we usually think of them building webs. But spiders use silk for many purposes.   1. Spiders Use Silk to Catch Prey The best-known use of silk by spiders is for constructing webs, which they use to ensnare prey. Some spiders, like  orb weavers, construct circular webs with sticky threads to snag flying insects. Purse web spiders use an innovative design. They spin an upright silk tube and hide inside it. When an insect lands on the outside of the tube, the purse web spider cuts the silk and pulls the insect inside. Most web-weaving spiders have poor eyesight, so they sense prey in the web by feeling for vibrations traveling across the silk strands. A recent study showed that  spider silk can vibrate at a wide range of frequencies, allowing the spider to sense movements as small as a hundred nanometers—1/1000 the width of a human hair. But thats not the only way spiders use silks to catch meals. The bolas spider, for example, spins a sort of fishing line of silk – a long thread with a sticky ball at the end. When an insect passes by, the bolas spider flings the line at the prey and hauls in its catch. Net-casting spiders spin a small web, shaped like a tiny net, and hold it between their feet. When an insect comes near, the spider throws its silk net and ensnares the prey. 2. Spiders User Silk to Subdue Prey Some spiders, like  cobweb spiders, use silk to subdue their prey completely. Have you ever watched a spider grab a fly or moth, and quickly wrap it in silk like a mummy? Cobweb spiders have special setae on their feet, which enable them to wind sticky silk tightly around a struggling insect.   3. Spiders Use Silk to Travel Anyone who read  Charlottes Web  as a child will be familiar with this spider behavior, known as ballooning. Young spiders (called spiderlings) disperse soon after emerging from their egg sac. In some species, the spiderling will climb onto an exposed surface, raise its abdomen, and cast a silk thread into the wind. As the air current pulls on the silk strand,  the spiderling becomes airborne and can be carried for miles. 4. Spiders Use Silk to Keep From Falling Who hasnt been startled by a spider descending suddenly on a silk thread? Spiders habitually leave a trail of silk line, known as a dragline, behind them as they explore an area. The silk safety line helps the spider keep from falling unchecked. Spiders also use the dragline to descend in a controlled manner. If the spider finds trouble below, it can quickly ascend the line to safety. 5. Spiders Use Silk to Keep From Getting Lost Spiders can also use the dragline to find their way home. Should a spider wander too far from its retreat or burrow, it can follow the silk line back to its home. 6. Spiders Use Silk to Take Shelter Many spiders use silk to construct or reinforce a shelter or retreat. Both  tarantulas  and  wolf spiders  dig burrows in the ground and line their homes with silk. Some web-building spiders construct special retreats within or adjacent to their webs. Funnel weaver spiders, for example, spin a cone-shaped retreat in one side of their webs, where they can stay hidden from both prey and predators. 7. Spiders Use Silk to Mate Before mating, a male spider must prepare and ready his sperm. Male spiders spin silk and construct small sperm webs, just for this purpose. He transfers sperm from his genital opening to the special web and then picks up the sperm with his pedipalps. With his sperm securely stored in his pedipalps, he can search for a receptive female. 8. Spiders Use Silk to Protect Their Offspring Female spiders produce particularly tough silk to construct egg sacs. She then deposits her eggs inside the sac, where they will be protected from the weather and potential predators as they  develop and hatch into tiny spiderlings. Most mother spiders secure the egg sac to a surface, often near her web. Wolf spiders dont take chances and carry the egg sac around until the offspring emerge. Sources: Borror and Delongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition, edited by John L. Capinera.ASU scientists unravel the mysteries of spider silk, Arizona State University,  January 27, 2013. Iowa State engineer discovers spider silk conducts heat as well as metals, Iowa State University, March 5, 2012.  Lowering pH regulates spider’s silk production,  Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, May 12, 2010.Stanford Researcher Sheds New Light on the Mysteries of Spider Silk, Stanford University,  February 4, 2013.  Bugs Rule! Introduction to the World of Insects, by Whitney Cranshaw and Richard Redak.Spiders, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History website. Spiders Listen to Their Webs, by Carrie Arnold, National Geographic website, June 5, 2014. Net-Casting Spiders, Australian Museum website.Purseweb Spiders, University of Kentucky Entomology website.

Developing, Using Organising Resources Within the lifelong...

Developing, Using Organising Resources Within the lifelong Learning Sector TASK 37 NAME: STUDENT ID: DATE: Table of Contents 1. Understand the purpose and use of resources 1.1 Explain the purpose of resources in teaching and learning Different types of resources are used in lifelong learning process so that the knowledge of the learners can be practiced and their learning can be progressed. The learners’ level of understanding and the areas they find difficult can be assessed and identified by providing them with the resources. Moreover, the learners with learning difficulties can be provided with differentiated tasks and additional support by providing resources. The additional explanations that are not†¦show more content†¦The duties and roles that have to be carried out by a resource developer are explained by the figure above. Individual needs of every student have to be identified and plans have to be developed in order to satisfy the learning needs of all learners. 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